16 Tenses in English Grammar

1. PRESENT TENSE

a. Simple Present Tense

Formula :

+ } S + V1 + O/C

- } S + Do/does + not + V1 + O/C

? } Do/does + S + V1 + O/C

Example :

+ } Sisca Reads book everyday

- } Sisca does not Read book everyday

? } does Sisca Read book everyday

·      Yes He does / No He does not (doesn’t)

·      For I, We, You, They = do

·      He, She, It = Does

Example Sentence :

(+) She is a new people here.

 (-) She isn’t a new people here.

 (?) Is she a new people here?

Contoh Soal: 
 1. I __________ (read) a very interesting book now.

2. Joanne __________ (work) eight hours a day.

b. Present Continuous Tense

Formula :

+ } S + Be + V1 + ing + O/C            >>           + } They are playing badminton now

- } S + Be + not + V1 + ing + O/C   >>           – } They are not playing badminton now

? } Be + S + V1 + ing + O/C            >>           ? } Are they playing badminton now ?

·      Yes They are / no they are not

·      For I = am

·      They, we, you = are

·      He, She, It = Is

Example Sentence :

(+) He is playing badminton now

(-) He isn’t playing badminton now.

(?) Is he playing badminton now.

Contoh Soal :
Jeanny   :  Hello Anne.  What…….you…… (do)?
Anne      :  Hi Jeanny. I ……. (watch) TV.

c. Present Perfect Tense

Formula :

subject+auxiliary verb+main verb

Example :

(+) you have eaten mine.

(-) she has not been to Rome.

(?) have you finished?

Contoh Soal :
 1)      I ___ in Bali before
a)      Have been        c) Having been
b)      Had been          d) Ever had

d. Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Formula :

(+) : S + have/has + been + Ving

(-) : S + have/has + not + been + Ving

(?) : Have/has + S + been + Ving

Example :

(+) She has been going to Malang since evening.

 (-) She hasn’t been going to Malang since evening.

 (?) Has she been going to Malang ?

Contoh Soal :

 She ………..( do ) her homework for almost an hour.

 Jawab   : She has been doing her homework for almost an hour.

2. PAST TENSE

a. Simple Past Tense

Formula :

+} S+Be+Was/Were+O/C

-} S+Be+Was/Were+not+O/C

?} Be+Was/Were+ S+O/C

Example :

+} We were at school yesterday

-} We were not at school yesterday

?} Were we at school yesterday ?

·      For I, He, She, It = Was

·      They, we, you = were

Example Sentence :

(+) I saw a good film last night

 (-) I saw not a good film last night

 (?) Saw I a good film last night

Contoh Soal :  I __ her standing there

b. Past Continuous Tense

Formula :

(+) : S + was/were + Ving

(-) : S + was/were + NOT + Ving

(?) : Was/Were + S + Ving

Example :

 (+) They were talking about sport when I met him.

 (-) They weren’t talking about sport when I met him.

 (?) Were they talking about sport when I met him.

Contoh Soal :  I ___ reading an hour ago 

c. Past Perfect Tense

Formula :

subject+auxiliary verb HAVE+main verb

(+) : S + had + V3

(-) : S + had + not + V3

(?) : Had + S + V3

Example :

(+) When my brother arrived , I had painted my motor cycle

 (-) When my brother arrived , I hadn’t painted my motor cycle

 (?) Had I my motor cycle , when my brother arrived ?

Contoh Soal : 1. John said he ___ seen a ghost

d. Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Formula :

subject+auxiliary verb HAVE+auxiliary verb BE+main verb

Example :

 (+) When they washed my drees , your father had been playing badminton

 (-) When they washed my dress , your father hadn’t been playing badminton

 (?) When they washed my dress , had your father been playing badminton ?

Contoh Soal : He _____ (have/be) cleaning the house 

3. FUTURE TENSE

a. Simple Future Tense

Formula :

subject+auxiliary verb WILL+main verb

Example :

 (+) President shall at Nederland the day after tomorrow.

(-) President shall not at Nederland the day after tomorrow.

(?) Shall President at Nederland the day after tomorrow?

Contoh Soal : John ______ (be/finish) the work by 5:00 PM

b. Future Continuous Tense

Formula :

subject+auxiliary verb WILL+auxiliary verb BE+main verb

Example :

(+) I will be writing a comic.

 (-) I will not writing a comic.

 (?) Will I be writing a comic ?

Contoh Soal : Will she _____ (be/sleep) at 7 a.m tomorrow?
 

c. Future Perfect Tense

Formula :

subject+auxiliary verb WILL+auxiliary verb HAVE+main verb

Example :

 (+) You will have forgotten me by then.

 (-) We will not have left.

 (?) Will they have received it?

Contoh Soal : You will  ________ (aux+forget) me by then
 

d. Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Formula :

subject+auxiliary verb WILL+auxiliary verb HAVE+auxiliary verb BE+main verb

Example :

(+) I will have been reading a news paper.

 (-) I will haven’t been reading a news paper.

 (?) Will I have been riding a news paper ?

Contoh Soal : I _____ (auxiliary verb + work) here for ten years next week
 

4. PAST FUTURE TENSE

a. Past Future Tense

Formula :

(+) : S + would + V1

(-) : S + would + not + V1

(?) :  Would + S + V1

Example :

 (+) They would buy a home the previous day.

 (-) They wouldn’t buy a home the previous day.

 (?) Would they buy a home the previous day ?

Contoh Soal : That book ________ (to be/buy) by Anton yesterday when you were at the train station.

b. Past Future Continuous Tense

Formula :

(+) : S + would + be + Ving

(-) : S + would + not + be + Ving

(?) : Would + S + be + Ving

Example :

(+) I should be swimming at this time the following day.

 (-) I shouldn’t be swimming at this time the following day.

 (?) Shall I be swimming at this time the following day ?

Contoh Soal : I ________ (to be / swim) at 9 yesterday

c. Past Future Perfect Tense

Formula :

(+) : S + would + have + V3

(-) : S + would + not + have + V3

(?) : Would + S + have + V3

Example :

(+) He would have graduated if he had studies hard.

 (-) He wouldn’t have gone if he had met his darling

 (?) Would He have gone if he had met his darling ?

Contoh Soal : We ___________ (to be / arrive) on time If we walked faster.

d. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Formula :

(+) : S + would + have + been + Ving

(-) : S + would + not + have + been + Ving

(?) : Would + S + have + been + Ving

Example :

 (+) Mrs. Anisa Munif would have been walking here for seventeen years

 (-) Mrs. Anisa Munif wouldn’t have been walking here for seventeen year

 (?) Would Mrs. Anisa Munif have been walking here for seventeen years?

Contoh Soal : I ____________ (to be / swim) for 30 minutes When You called me yesterday